pthread的API一直让我感到头疼，种类多而且名字又长，今天下决心把它们理清楚。

仅从名字上来看，pthread的API可以分为这么几类：

pthread_XXX:
此类API一般是对thread本身进行管理的。共包括如下API：

pthread_atfork()
pthread_create()
pthread_exit()
pthread_cancel()
pthread_join()
pthread_once()
pthread_self()
pthread_equal()
pthread_kill()
pthread_detach()
pthread_yeild()
pthread_sigmask()
pthread_key_create()
pthread_key_delete()
pthread_cleanup_push()
pthread_cleanup_pop()
pthread_testcancel()

它还可以分出两个子类，包括pthread_setWWW和pthread_getWWW，其中有：

pthread_getconcurrency()
pthread_getcpuclockid()
pthread_getschedparam()
pthread_getspecific()

pthread_setcancelstate()
pthread_setconcurrency()
pthread_setschedparam()
pthread_setschedprio()
pthread_setspecific()

pthread_attr_YYY:
YYY一般包括：init, destory, setZZZ, getZZZ。此类API是对thread本身的属性进行管理的。共包括如下API：

pthread_attr_destroy()
pthread_attr_getinheritsched()
pthread_attr_getschedparam()
pthread_attr_getschedpolicy()
pthread_attr_getscope()
pthread_attr_getstackaddr()
pthread_attr_getstack()
pthread_attr_init()
pthread_attr_setdetachstate()
pthread_attr_setguardsize()
pthread_attr_setinheritsched()
pthread_attr_setschedparam()
pthread_attr_setschedpolicy()
pthread_attr_setscope()
pthread_attr_setstackaddr()
pthread_attr_setstack()
pthread_attr_setstacksize()

pthread_MMM_XXX:
XXX一般是上面和那个XXX集合类似的操作，但MMM一般是thread的一个工具，比如：mutex，cond等。此类API是对thread的MMM工具进行操作。共包括如下API：

mutex类：
pthread_mutex_init()
pthread_mutex_destroy()
pthread_mutex_lock()
pthread_mutex_unlock()
pthread_mutex_trylock()
pthread_mutex_setprioceiling()
pthread_mutex_getprioceiling()

cond类：
pthread_cond_init()
pthread_cond_destroy()
pthread_cond_signal()
pthread_cond_broadcast()
pthread_cond_wait()
pthread_cond_timedwait()

rwlock类：
pthread_rwlock_destroy()
pthread_rwlock_init()
pthread_rwlock_rdlock()
pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock()
pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock()
pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock()
pthread_rwlock_trywrlock()
pthread_rwlock_unlock()
pthread_rwlock_wrlock()

spin类：
pthread_spin_destroy()
pthread_spin_init()
pthread_spin_lock()
pthread_spin_trylock()
pthread_spin_unlock()

barrier类：
pthread_barrier_destroy()
pthread_barrier_init()
pthread_barrier_wait()

pthread_MMMattr_YYY:
MMM和YYY同上（spin除外），此类API是对MMM工具的属性进行操作。和上面有着密切的关系。共包括如下API：

mutex类：
pthread_mutexattr_destroy()
pthread_mutexattr_getprioceiling()
pthread_mutexattr_getprotocol()
pthread_mutexattr_getpshared()
pthread_mutexattr_gettype()
pthread_mutexattr_init()
pthread_mutexattr_setprioceiling()
pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol()
pthread_mutexattr_setpshared()
pthread_mutexattr_settype()

cond类：
pthread_condattr_destroy()
pthread_condattr_getclock()
pthread_condattr_getpshared()
pthread_condattr_init()
pthread_condattr_setclock()
pthread_condattr_setpshared()

rwlock类：
pthread_rwlockattr_destroy()
pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared()
pthread_rwlockattr_init()
pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared()

barrier类：
pthread_barrierattr_destroy()
pthread_barrierattr_getpshared()
pthread_barrierattr_init()
pthread_barrierattr_setpshared()

这还没完，还有N多的新类型，比如pthread_t，pthread_attr_t，pthread_once_t，以及随之而来的宏。。。我在这就不总结了。

最后，介绍pthread的书籍有：

“PThreads Primer”. Lewis, Bill and Daniel J. Berg. California: Prentice Hall.
“Pthreads Programming”. B. Nichols et al. O’Reilly and Associates.
“Programming With POSIX Threads”. D. Butenhof. Addison Wesley
“Programming With Threads”. S. Kleiman et al. Prentice Hall